Calculate square root of an integer with cmath library in C++
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The provided C++ code is a simple program that calculates the square root of a user-provided number. It begins by including the necessary libraries, iostream for input/output operations and cmath for mathematical operations.
Code
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
// Main function of the program
int main() {
// Declare a float variable to store the user's input
float inputNumber;
// Prompt the user to enter a number
cout << "Enter a number to calculate its square root: ";
// Store the user's input in the variable
cin >> inputNumber;
// Check if the input number is non-negative
if (inputNumber >= 0.0) {
// Calculate the square root of the input number
float squareRoot = sqrt(inputNumber);
// Print the input number
cout << "Input number: " << inputNumber << " ";
// Print the square root of the input number
cout << "Square root: " << squareRoot << " ";
}
}
Explanation
The provided C++ code is a simple program that calculates the square root of a user-provided number. It begins by including the necessary libraries, iostream for input/output operations and cmath for mathematical operations.
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
The main function of the program starts with the declaration of a float variable inputNumber which is used to store the user’s input.
float inputNumber;
The program then prompts the user to enter a number using cout and stores the user’s input in the inputNumber variable using cin.
cout << "Enter a number to calculate its square root: ";
cin >> inputNumber;
The program checks if the input number is non-negative using an if statement. This is important because the square root of a negative number is not a real number and would result in an error.
if (inputNumber >= 0.0) {```
Inside the `if` statement, the program calculates the square root of the input number using the `sqrt` function from the `cmath` library and stores the result in the `squareRoot` variable.
```cpp
float squareRoot = sqrt(inputNumber);
Finally, the program prints the input number and its square root using cout.
cout << "Input number: " << inputNumber << " ";
cout << "Square root: " << squareRoot << " ";
This code is a simple demonstration of user input, conditional statements, and mathematical operations in C++.
Output
Enter a number to calculate its square root: 15
Input number: 15
Square root: 3.87298
Process finished with exit code 0```